Differences

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--- effects_of_pornography_on_men_versus_women [2015/07/29 18:47]
marri [1. Differences in Use]
+++ effects_of_pornography_on_men_versus_women [2017/05/30 16:57]
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 ==========Effects of Pornography on Men versus Women==========
-//Synthesis Paper//: [[http://microsite.frc.org/get.cfm?i=RS09K01|The Effects of Pornography on Individuals, Marriage, Family and Community]]
 =====1. Differences in Use=====
-<html> <b>Men</b>
+Men and women use pornography differently. Men are more than six times as likely to view pornography as females,((Steven Stack, Ira Wasserman, and Roger Kern, “Adult Social Bonds and Use of Internet Pornography,” //Social Science Quarterly// 85, (2004): 75-88 (85).)) and more likely to spend time viewing it.
-</html> and women use pornography differently. Men are more than six times as likely to view pornography as females,((Steven Stack, Ira Wasserman, and Roger Kern, “Adult Social Bonds and Use of Internet Pornography,” //Social Science Quarterly// 85 (2004): 75-88 (85).)) and more likely to spend more time viewing it.
-In a study of self-identified female “cybersex” addicts, women reported that they preferred engaging in “cybersex” within the context of a relationship (via email or chat room) rather than accessing pornographic images. This preference may contribute to the significant difference one study found in the proportion of women who have real-life sexual encounters with their online companions compared to men. It found that 80 percent of women who engaged in these online sexual activities also had real-life sexual encounters with their online partners, compared to the much lower proportion of 33 percent for men.((Jennifer P. Schneider, “A Qualitative Study of Cybersex Participants: Gender Differences, Recovery Issues, and Implications for Therapists,” //Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity// 7 (2000): 249–78 (277).)) Also, as stated above, such women are much more likely to have had very high numbers of such sexual encounters and partners.((Kristian Daneback, Al Cooper, and Sven-Axel Månsson, “An Internet Study of Cybersex Participants,” //Archives of Sexual Behavior// 34 (2005): 321-28 (324-25).)) However in another study, this time of men who flirted in Internet chat rooms, 78 percent reported they had at least one face-to-face sexual experience with someone they had met through a chat room in the past year.((Brian Dew, Michael Brubaker, and Danica Hays, “From the Altar to the Internet: Married Men and Their Online Sexual Behavior,” //Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity// 13 (2006): 195-207 (199).)) Thus, it seems that a very high proportion of both men and women who engage in “cybersex” may go on to have physical sexual encounters with their online partners.
+In a study of self-identified female “cybersex” addicts, women reported that they preferred engaging in “cybersex” within the context of a relationship (via email or chat room) rather than accessing pornographic images. This preference may contribute to the significant difference one study found in the proportion of women who have real-life sexual encounters with their online companions compared to men. It found that 80 percent of women who engaged in these online sexual activities also had real-life sexual encounters with their online partners, compared to the much lower proportion of 33 percent for men.((Jennifer P. Schneider, “A Qualitative Study of Cybersex Participants: Gender Differences, Recovery Issues, and Implications for Therapists,” //Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity// 7, (2000): 249–78 (277).)) Also, as stated above, such women are much more likely to have had very [[effects_of_pornography_on_sexual_practices|high numbers of such sexual encounters]] and partners.((Kristian Daneback, Al Cooper, and Sven-Axel Månsson, “An Internet Study of Cybersex Participants,” //Archives of Sexual Behavior// 34, (2005): 321-28 (324-25).)) However in another study, this time of men who flirted in Internet chat rooms, 78 percent reported they had at least one face-to-face sexual experience with someone they had met through a chat room in the past year.((Brian Dew, Michael Brubaker, and Danica Hays, “From the Altar to the Internet: Married Men and Their Online Sexual Behavior,” //Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity// 13, (2006): 195-207 (199).)) Thus, it seems that a very high proportion of both men and women who engage in “cybersex” may go on to have physical sexual encounters with their online partners.
-A study of sex-addicted men also found that 43 percent used online sexual activity to engage in sexual activities they would never otherwise perform.((Al Cooper, Nathan Galbreath, and Michael A. Becker, “Sex on the Internet: Furthering our Understanding of Men with Online Sexual Problems,” //Psychology of Addictive Behavior// 18 (2004): 223-30 (225).)) Similarly, self reports also reveal that the tendency to explore new behaviors in “offline” relationships increases with increased online sexual activity.((Al Cooper, Nathan Galbreath, and Michael A. Becker, “Sex on the Internet: Furthering our Understanding of Men with Online Sexual Problems,” 226.))
+A study of sex-addicted men also found that 43 percent used online sexual activity to engage in sexual activities they would never otherwise perform.((Al Cooper, Nathan Galbreath, and Michael A. Becker, “Sex on the Internet: Furthering our Understanding of Men with Online Sexual Problems,” //Psychology of Addictive Behavior// 18, (2004): 223-30 (225).)) Similarly, self-reports also reveal that the tendency to explore new behaviors in “offline” relationships increases with increased [[effects_of_pornography_on_sexual_practices|online sexual activity]].((Al Cooper, Nathan Galbreath, and Michael A. Becker, “Sex on the Internet: Furthering our Understanding of Men with Online Sexual Problems,” 226.))
 =====2. Different Reactions=====
-The way men and women view infidelity is very different. One study, using undergraduates from a large university in Northern Ireland, investigated how men and women perceive online and offline sexual and emotional infidelity. When forced to decide, men were more upset by sexual infidelity and women by emotional infidelity. Only 23 percent of women claimed they would be more bothered by sexual infidelity, compared to the 77 percent of women who would be more bothered by emotional infidelity. Males felt the opposite way. Eighty-four percent of the men reported they would be more bothered by sexual infidelity, whereas only 16 percent say they would be more bothered by emotional infidelity.((Monica T. Whitty and Laura-Lee Quigley, “Emotional and Sexual Infidelity Offline and in Cyberspace,” //Journal of Marital and Family Therapy// 34 (2008): 461-468 (465).))
+The way men and women view infidelity is very different. One study, using undergraduates from a large university in Northern Ireland, investigated how men and women perceive online and offline sexual and emotional infidelity. When forced to decide, men were more upset by sexual infidelity and women by emotional infidelity. Only 23 percent of women claimed they would be more bothered by sexual infidelity, compared to the 77 percent of women who would be more bothered by emotional infidelity. Males felt the opposite way. Eighty-four percent of the men reported they would be more bothered by sexual infidelity, whereas only 16 percent say they would be more bothered by emotional infidelity.((Monica T. Whitty and Laura-Lee Quigley, “Emotional and Sexual Infidelity Offline and in Cyberspace,” //Journal of Marital and Family Therapy// 34, (2008): 461-468 (465).))
-In a study which examined different types of degrading pornography, featuring themes such as “objectification” and “dominance,” both men and women rated the same three major themes as the most degrading of all, but with different intensities: women rated them as even more degrading than men did.((Gloria Cowan and Kerri F. Dunn, “What Themes in Pornography Lead to Perceptions of the Degradation of Women?” //The Journal of Sex Research// 31 (1994): 11-21 (16-17).))
+In a study which examined different types of degrading pornography, featuring themes such as “objectification” and “dominance,” both men and women rated the same three major themes as the most degrading of all, but with different intensities: [[pornography_objectifies_women|women rated them as even more degrading]] than men did.((Gloria Cowan and Kerri F. Dunn, “What Themes in Pornography Lead to Perceptions of the Degradation of Women?” //The Journal of Sex Research// 31, (1994): 11-21 (16-17).
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+This entry draws heavily from [[http://marri.us/research/research-papers/the-effects-of-pornography-on-individuals-marriage-family-and-community/|The Effects of Pornography on Individuals, Marriage, Family and Community]].))